130 research outputs found
Auchenorrhyncha) in the vineyards of macedonia and their role in the epidemiology of 'Candidatus Phytoplasma solani'
Bois noir (BN), oboljenje koje izaziva stolbur fitoplazma, nanosi velike Ε‘tete u
vinogradarskim regionima Ε‘irom Evro-mediteranskog basena. Tokom 2012. i 2013. godine
preduzeta su epidemioloΕ‘ka istraΕΎivanja za odreΔivanje potencijalnih insekata vektora i
najvaΕΎnijih biljaka rezervoara BN fitoplazme u makedonskim vinogradima, u jugoistoΔnom
delu zemlje. IstraΕΎivanjem diverziteta vrsta iz podreda Auchenorrhyncha utvrΔeno je
prisustvo 27 vrsta cikada u okviru 6 familija. Ukupno je registrovana 21 vrsta familije
Cicadellidae, 2 vrste familije Cixiidae i po jedan predstavnik familija Aphrophoridae,
Delphacidae, Dyctiopharidae i Issidae. Tokom istraΕΎivanja utvrΔena je izrazita uΔestalost
glavnog vektora stolbur fitoplazme, cikade Hyalesthes obsoletus, dok drugi dokumentovani
vektor BN, Reptalus panzeri, nije zabeleΕΎen u makedonskim vinogradima. Molekularna
karakterizacija βCandidatus Phytoplasma solaniβ u analiziranom materijalu vrΕ‘ena je
analizom genskih regiona tuf, stamp i vmp1 gena, RFLP metodom i sekvenciranjem. Cilj
karakterizacije je da se stekne detaljan uvid u molekularnu raznolikost izolata stolbur
fitoplazme povezanih sa vinovom lozom, potencijalnim biljkama rezervoarima (Urtica
dioica i Convolvolus arvensis) i jedinkama H. obsoletus sakupljenim na ovim biljkama.
Ukupno je analizirano 91 izolat stolbur fitoplazme meΔu kojima je identifikovano 3 tuf, 5
vmp1 i 11 razliΔitih stamp genotipova. Na osnovu sveobuhvatne tuf/vmp1/stamp
genotipizacije utvrΔeno je ukupno 12 genotipova stolbur fitoplazme. NajveΔi diverzitet
genotipova je identifikovan meΔu izolatima iz H. obsoletus sakupljenim na U. dioica, od
kojih je najΔeΕ‘Δe bio prisutan genotip tuf-ab/V18/M1 (43%). Tuf-b/V2-TA/STOL genotip
je utvrΔen u 33% prirodno inficiranih biljaka vinove loze. Dva genotipa stolbur fitoplazme
povezana su sa U. dioica: tuf-ab/V18/M1 (60%) i tuf-a/V3/M4 (40%), dok je samo jedan
genotip (tuf-b/V2-TA/Rqg50) povezan sa C. arvensis.Bois noir (BN), induced by stolbur phytoplasma, is an important grapevine yellows disease
that causes severe damage in viticultural regions throughout the Euro-Mediterranean basin.
Epidemiological survey to determine potential insect vectors and the main reservoir plants
of BN phytoplasma in Macedonian vineyards was undertaken between 2012 and 2013 in
southeastern part of the country. The study of the species diversity from the suborder
Auchenorrhycha revealed the presence of 27 species, belonging to 6 families. The most
numerous was family Cicadellidae with 21 species, followed by family Cixiidae with 2
species, Aphrophoridae, Delphacidae, Dyctiopharidae and Issidae with only one species
recorded. Our study revealed the high abundance of the principal vector of stolbur
phytoplasma, the planthopper Hyalesthes obsoletus, while the second documented vector of
BN, Reptalus panzeri, was not recorded in Macedonian vineyards. A molecular
characterization performed by sequence and/or RFLP typing of tuf, vmp1 and stamp genes,
was used to gain detailed insight into the molecular diversity of the stolbur phytoplasma
isolates associated with grapevine, tentative reservoir plants (Urtica dioica and
Convolvulus arvensis) and H. obsoletus associated with them. Among 91 stolbur isolates
detected in diverse plant and insect hosts 3 tuf, 5 vmp1 and 11 distinct stamp genotypes
were identified. Overall, twelve comprehensive genotypes of stolbur phytoplasma were
detected according to tuf/vmp1/stamp genotyping. The highest diversity of genotypes was
detected among the isolates from H. obsoletus associated with U. dioica, of which the most
frequent genotype was tuf-ab/V18/M1 (43%). Tuf-b/V2-TA/STOL comprehensive
genotype was found in 33% of naturally infected grapevines. Two stolbur phytoplasma
genotypes were associated with U. dioica: (i) tuf-ab/V18/M1 (60%) and tuf-a/V3/M4
(40%), while only one genotype (tuf-b/V2-TA/Rqg50) was associated with C. arvensis
Speech at the National Press Club, Washington D.C.
During 2015-2016, research with 10 cotton varieties (lines 5136, 5140 and 5141, created at the Institute in Strumica and Bulgarian varieties Chirpan 539, Veno, Perla 267, Avangard 264, Colorit 409, Helius 288 and Natalia 361) was done in the agro ecological conditions of Strumica region. The aim was to study the biological and agricultural characteristics of cotton varieties. The experiments were done in three repetitions following a randomized block system and with size of experimental field parcel to 14m2. All examined varieties in agroecological conditions in Strumica fall in medium early-matured varieties, with a vegetation period of 125-130 days. The lines belong to the group of early-matured varieties with a vegetation period of 116-118 days. The yields of the dry cotton in the years of research are from 2853 kg/ha at the Bulgarian variety Colorit, to 5158 kg/ha at the variety Veno. The highest randman from the domestic genotypes has the line 5141 (42,6%), and from the Bulgarian genotypes Chirpan 539 (45,4%) and Helius 204 (43,8%)
ΠΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΠΎΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠ°Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΈ F1 Ρ ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈ
ΠΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π½Π° Π²ΠΊΡΠΏΠ½Π°ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΊΠ° Π½Π° Π³ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ
Π²ΠΎ ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ° Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΡ Π·Π°Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ° 8-10%, Π° Π²ΠΎ Π‘ΠΠ Π΅ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΊΠ° ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ° Π²ΠΎ
ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ²Π° ΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ 35%. ΠΠ°Ρ Π½Π°Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π³Π»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ²Π°
Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ΄ 6.000 Ρ
Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈ, ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠΎΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ 90% ΠΎΠ΄ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ
ΡΠ΅ Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π°Π½ΠΈ ΡΠΎ Ρ
ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ·. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΈ Π³ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π²Π°
Ρ
ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ° ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π²ΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π°Ρ Π·Π° Π΄Π° ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π΅Π·Π΅ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΎ,
Π½Γ¨ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π° Π΄Π° Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΡΠ½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎ Π΅ΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»Π½Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½Π° ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ° Π½Π°
ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ Π½Π° Ρ
ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π½Π΅Π±ΡΠ΅.
ΠΠΎ ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΡΡΡΠ΄ ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΡΡΠΌ F1 Ρ
ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈ, ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠΎΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠΌ
ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Ρ Π²ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ° ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈ Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ Magnus. ΠΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ Π±ΡΠΎΡΠΎΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ° ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΠΎΡ ΠΊΠ°Ρ
Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ (Wiliams, 1959) ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΡΠΏΠ½ΠΈΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡ
Characteristics of some Macedonian and introduced oats genotypes cultivated in organic and conventional production
In the period 2005-2007 trials with five oats populations (Krivogastani,Trebenishta,Radolishta, Bugarija, Kuceviste) and three oats varieties Rajac, Slavuj and LovΔen), were carried out. The trials were set up in conditions of organic and conventional production. The main objective of this investigation was to determine the differences in some morphological characteristics of the tested genotypes, which directly or indirectly affect the yield, and also, to determine the differences that came up as a result of the different systems of production (conventional and organic production). The average height of the oats plant cultivated in organic production (114,4 cm) was higher absolutely by 2,2 cm or relatively by 2.0% than the height of the oats plant cultivated in conventional production. The system of production showed no effect on the length of the panicle. The yield of oats grain by panicle in organic production (3,30 g) was higher absolutely by 0,3 g or relatively by 9.1% than the yield of oats grain by panicle in conventional production (3,0 g). The system of production did not impact significantly on the percentage of the glumes. The lowest percentage of glumes in both systems of production gavevariety Rajac
Examination of Some Morphological Features of Domestic Populations of Flax (Linum Ustitassimum L.), in the Agro Ecological Conditions in Strumica, Republic of Macedonia
The research was conducted in a period of two years (2007 and 2008) on
five flax genotypes, 4 of which are domestic populations, intermediate (transitional) linen
(velusina, duferin , belan , belinka) and an introduced french variety of fiber flax (viking).
The number of seeds in the fruit, in both years of research, is statistically different
among different varieties. In two years of testing , the lowest number of seeds in the fruit
had population velusina (3,3 in 2007 and 3,5 in 2008), and the most number of seeds
reached population duferin (5.5 in 2007 and 5.7 in 2008).
There is a statistically valid difference for the number of fruits per flax plant among
the tested varieties. The lowest number of fruits per plant had population belan (23,1 in
2007 and 24,8 in 2008), and the most had a variety viking (29,0 in 2007 and 29,3 in 2009).
In the two years of research, the largest absolute mass of the seed had population
velusina (6,8 g and 6,6 g respectively), and the lowest population belinka (4,1 g and 4,5 g
respectively). Among the many varieties there are statistically significant differences.
The highest average height, in the two-year research, regardless of the years of
testing, had population belinka (78,9 cm), and the lowest population velusina (67,1 cm).
The highest average seed yield per flax plant in the two-year research, regardless of
the year of investigation, had viking variety (0,73 g), and the lowest population velusina
population (0,55 g)
The influence of the temperature at the intensity of the spread of the cotton bollworm (heliothis obsoleta fabr. = helicoverpa armigera hb.) as a pest of the peppers in the Strumica region
H. armigera is typical polyphagous insect which attacks: tomatoes, peppers, tobacco, maize, cotton, garlic, onions, cabbage, soy, beans and many other leguminous and pumpkin crops and various weed plants. The damages from the cotton bollworm have economic importance, especially when the species is in progradation. It is widespread all over the world, especially in warmer climates. The increase in the population of this cotton bollworm is associated with global warming
ΠΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΈ Π·Π° ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π·Π½ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ»ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ (Coleoptera: Lampyridae)
Π‘Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ»ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ° Lampyridae (Coleoptera) ΡΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ 2000 ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈ Π·Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π½Π° ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° Π½Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π½Π°ΡΠ° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π° ΠΎΠ΄ Π°Π±Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡ. ΠΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ° Π½ΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅, Π΄Π°Π²Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠΌ Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡΠΊΠ° Π²ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎ Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ Π°ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ°Π±Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΎ Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Π½Π° Π±ΡΠΎΡΠΎΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ»ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ ΡΠ²Π΅Ρ. Π‘ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ°, Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΠΊΠ½Π°ΡΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ Π·Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π½Π° ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ»ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ Π³ΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°, ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΎ Π·Π°Π³Π°Π΄ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π°ΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈ. ΠΠ½Π°Π΅ΡΡΠΈ Π³ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π·Π° Π½ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π·Π½ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π°Ρ Π²ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ³Π»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π° Π½Π° ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈ
ΠΠ°ΠΊΠΎ Π΄Π° Π³ΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ»ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π·Π½ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅
Π‘Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ»ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΈ ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ°Π°Ρ ΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈ Π·Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π½Π° ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π°, Π½Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π½Π°ΡΠ° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π° ΠΎΠ΄ Π°Π±Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡ. ΠΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ° Π½ΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅, Π΄Π°Π²Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠΌ Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡΠΊΠ° Π²ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎ Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ Π°ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ°Π±Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΎ Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Π½Π° Π±ΡΠΎΡΠΎΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ»ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ ΡΠ²Π΅Ρ. ΠΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΆΡΠ²Π°Π°Ρ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ° Π½Π°ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ Π·Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π½Π° ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ»ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ Π³ΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°, ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΎ Π·Π°Π³Π°Π΄ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π°ΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈ. ΠΠ½Π°Π΅ΡΡΠΈ Π³ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π·Π° ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π·Π½ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎ Π½Π° ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ»ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΠΌ Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΠΎ Π·Π° Π΄Π° ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Ρ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ²Π°Π°Ρ, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ Π΄Π° Π³Π°ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π²Π°Ρ Π²ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ³Π»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΎ Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π° Π½Π° ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈ
ΠΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΈ
ΠΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡ Π½Π° Π·Π³ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π½ΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π°ΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈ Π΅ Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΊΡ Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΡΠΎ. ΠΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ
Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΈ, Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°Π²Π΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ Π²ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎ Π½Π° ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈ Π²ΠΎ 1940 Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π° ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΡ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ²ΠΏΠ°Ρ Π±ΠΈΠ»Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π·Π° ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅. ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π΄Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅Π½ Π΄Π΅Π» ΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Ρ Π·Π° Π·Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ° Π½Π° Π·Π΅ΠΌΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ, ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΈ Π·Π° ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ²Π°Π°Ρ ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΡΠΈ. ΠΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΎ Π΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ° Π½Π° Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»Π½ΠΎ Π½ΠΈΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈ 38 ΠΌΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π°ΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠ° Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°. ΠΠ΄Π΅Π°Π»Π½ΠΎ Π±ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ Π°ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈ Π΄Π° Π±ΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎ Π·Π° ΡΠ΅Π»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΈ, Π΄Π° ΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΠ°Π·Π³ΡΠ°Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈ ΠΈ Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π½ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½. ΠΠ° ΠΆΠ°Π», ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ, Π±ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈ ΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅, Π³ΠΈ ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡΡΠ²Π°Π°Ρ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΈ ΡΠ΅ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈ Π·Π° Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΡ (ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΠΎΡΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΡΠΈ) ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊ Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ²Π°Π°Ρ Π½Π° Π½ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½ ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΎΡ
Analysis of the Quality of Oats (Avena Sativa L.) Grown In Conditions of Organic Production
During 2015 and 2016 the research of 11 oats genotypes is conducted, in conditions of organic production. Three of the oats genotypes are domestic populations, Krivogastani, Trebenista and Kuceviste, and the others are introduced varieties: Rajac, Slavuj and Lovken from Serbia, Kupa, Baranja, Eksplorer, Sampionka and Istra from Croatia. The phenological surveys, during the research showed that the vegetation period of the spring oat genotypes, grown in condition of organic production, is 100 β 110 days. The oats was sown in March, and the full maturity was reached in July, in each year of the research. In both years of research, the highest absolute mass of the grain had variety Istra (34,60 g in 2015 and 29,60 in 2016), while, the lowest had the population Krivogastani (12,3 g in 2015 and 14,90 g in 2016). There are very significant statistical differences between the varieties. The hectoliter mass of the grain is statistically different in different varieties, in the both years of the research. Rajac variety showed the lowest hectoliter mass in both experimental years (23,66 kg/hl in 2015 and 31,5kg/hl in 2016). The highest hectoliter mass in 2015 had Istra variety (42,05 kg/hl), and in 2016, it was Krivogastani population (36 kg/hl). The highest oats plants, in both years of research, were Krivogastani population (116,7 cm in 2015 and 143,3 cm in 2016). The lowest plants were Kupa variety (78,3 cm in 2015 and 83,4 cm in 2016). The comparison between varieties showed that there are statistically significant differences
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